Government policy changes and funding uncertainties affecting contracted services

Resource management reforms threatening Treaty settlement protections and iwi planning frameworks

Funding pressures on health and social service contracts

Economic downturn affecting investment returns and employment sectors

Declining milk and timber export prices impacting dairying and forestry investments

Capacity strain on kaumātua and cultural leaders to sustain cultural kaupapa

Private equity and investment market volatility

Political environment limiting substantive engagement on iwi priorities

Dependency on government grant funding for operational services

Succession planning and retention of skilled workforce across business units

Economic downturn and its impact on commercial performance and employment

Government funding cuts affecting contract services and support programs

Political change impacting relationships and support from Crown agencies

Resource management reform and loss of co-governance arrangements

Workforce recruitment and retention challenges

Service funding uncertainty and restructuring of government agencies

Climate change and natural hazard risks to marae and community infrastructure

Repeal of Section 7AA of Oranga Tamariki Act impacting vulnerable tamariki and whānau

Energy hardship affecting whānau health and wellbeing

Economic disruption and uncertainty in Aotearoa

Major weather challenges and environmental impacts

Crown reforms impact on settlements and service delivery

Environmental legislative reforms (Resource Management and Affordable Waters reforms)

Lack of cohesion from Crown departments and agencies

Health inequities affecting Raukawa uri

Capacity and capability constraints in responding to environmental reforms

Freshwater Gold Clam biosecurity threat to Waikato River

Limited kaumātua fluency in te reo Māori due to historical colonisation impacts

Housing and energy poverty affecting whānau

COVID-19 pandemic impacts on operations and community

Economic downturn and cost of living crisis affecting whānau

Health system reforms creating strain on small iwi team

Resource management and environmental pressures

Financial market volatility and investment returns

High inflation and rising interest rates

Supply chain disruptions

Fuel price pressures

Shortage of labour in tight market conditions

Covid-19 pandemic impact on service delivery and community wellbeing

Trustee succession planning - election process does not enable skill-based selection

Low numbers of individuals standing as marae trustees

Governance skill diversity and capability gaps at board level

Overlapping iwi claims and Crown Crown responsibilities requiring ongoing negotiation

Wairarapa Moana Incorporation litigation regarding Mangakino (Wai 85) land

Pouākani Settlement Trust Waikato Riverbed litigation

Infrastructure fund holdings with airport assets affected by travel constraints

Freshwater and resource management reforms creating uncertainty

RMA replacement legislation (NBA, SPA, CCA) requiring strategic engagement

Low engagement of dispersed iwi members unable to regularly attend marae

Potential impacts from government health sector reforms

Risk management around resource consent processes and cultural site protection

Covid-19 impact on infrastructure assets, particularly Melbourne Airport from travel restrictions

Market volatility and potential further economic disruption

Dairy farm performance pressures - Ranginui Station underperformance

Interest rate risk - low interest rates reducing cash returns

Currency risk - exposure to Australian dollar through ADIT infrastructure fund

Lease renewal risk - potential lease terminations in coming years

Debt risk on infrastructure investments

Private equity investment complexity and illiquidity

Property market volatility and valuation uncertainty