Challenging policy environment and legislative reforms undermining co-governance structures and Treaty partnership

Economic uncertainty - Aotearoa in transitional phase with elevated inflation, soft labour market conditions, and global trade uncertainties

Portfolio transition risks - managing smooth transition in existing portfolio and underperforming investments

Capacity pressures - ongoing legislative reform, planning and compliance testing organisational capacity

Aquaculture regulatory risks - changes to aquaculture licensing and regulatory environment

Climate and natural hazards - extreme weather events and need for emergency preparedness

Succession and cultural leadership - nurturing next generation to stand strong in tikanga, reo and kawa

Financial sustainability of marae operations - rising utility, compliance and insurance costs

Conservation pressures - conservation advocacy and decision-making forums requiring sustained engagement